zsis) - Center for Swiss and International Tax Law

Combating the misuse of letterbox companies

On 22 December 2021, the European Commission published a draft directive to combat the abusive use of letterbox companies within the EU. The directive, which is to be classified under ATAD III, imposes reporting obligations on letterbox companies and leads to the loss of tax benefits if certain substance criteria are not met.

Taxation of the Digital Economy - OECD Agreement on Global Tax Reform (Pillar One and Two)

137 countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) - including Switzerland - agreed to a comprehensive global tax reform on 8 October 2021. The global tax reform aims to introduce a worldwide redistribution of profits of multinational corporations with a turnover of more than 20 billion euros (Pillar One) and a global minimum taxation of 15% for multinational corporations with a turnover of more than 750 million euros (Pillar Two). The implementation of the reform will pose major challenges for companies, but also for states. Pillar One will result in multinationals becoming taxable in a state even if they have no physical facilities such as offices or premises in that state. At least 25% of profits exceeding 10% of turnover will be taxed in the states where the turnover is generated, irrespective of the existence of a physical presence. Pillar Two will introduce a global minimum tax of 15%. The tax rate will be calculated at the state level and not at the individual company level. In addition, the calculation of the global minimum tax will be based on taxable profit and taxable net income, an international accounting standard and not local legislation, such as Swiss commercial law. This article explains how Pillar One and Two work, the currently envisaged implementation of the reform in Switzerland, its impact on global tax and location competition and on Swiss-based companies.

Collective investment schemes with real estate: Selected issues in the real estate transfer tax

Recently, various questions have arisen in practice in connection with the transfer tax for collective investment schemes with direct real estate holdings. This article examines whether the transfer of real estate from one fund management company to another and the transfer of real estate from one collective investment scheme to another triggers the transfer tax.

Charitable foundations - explosive tax law issues

Legal entities that meet the respective requirements of Art. 56 lit. e, g and h of the Federal Law on Direct Federal Tax (DBG) generally benefit from a subjective tax exemption. If legal entities are subjectively tax-exempt due to the pursuit of charitable purposes, according to Art. 56 lit. g DBG, the acquisition and management of "significant capital investments in companies" are only permitted under restrictive conditions. The Federal Supreme Court recently had to assess the question under which circumstances the holding of a significant equity interest in an operating company by a charitable foundation precludes a subjective tax exemption.