zsis) - Center for Swiss and International Tax Law

Home Office Activity and the Establishment of a Permanent Establishment for Tax Purposes - a Stocktaking

The world of work has changed drastically in the wake of COVID-19. We are talking about the era of "New Work". Many employees now regularly work in a home office at their place of residence in Switzerland, but also at locations worldwide. This article focuses on the question of whether an employee's home office can become a permanent establishment of the company for tax purposes and which aspects need to be considered. Swiss tax law practice has recently been partly controversial and unclear in this regard.

The place of actual administration in intercantonal relations - an assessment of recent case law.

The place of actual administration is becoming increasingly important in intercantonal relations. If a legal entity moves its statutory seat to another canton, the canton of departure examines the substance available in the canton of arrival. The relevant external objective criteria are office premises, staff and fixed network connection. The business activity, and thus the subjective content of the management as such, are given too little consideration. This problem is to be demonstrated once again on the basis of three recent court decisions.

Combating the misuse of letterbox companies

On 22 December 2021, the European Commission published a draft directive to combat the abusive use of letterbox companies within the EU. The directive, which is to be classified under ATAD III, imposes reporting obligations on letterbox companies and leads to the loss of tax benefits if certain substance criteria are not met.

Taxation of the Digital Economy - OECD Agreement on Global Tax Reform (Pillar One and Two)

137 countries of the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) - including Switzerland - agreed to a comprehensive global tax reform on 8 October 2021. The global tax reform aims to introduce a worldwide redistribution of profits of multinational corporations with a turnover of more than 20 billion euros (Pillar One) and a global minimum taxation of 15% for multinational corporations with a turnover of more than 750 million euros (Pillar Two). The implementation of the reform will pose major challenges for companies, but also for states. Pillar One will result in multinationals becoming taxable in a state even if they have no physical facilities such as offices or premises in that state. At least 25% of profits exceeding 10% of turnover will be taxed in the states where the turnover is generated, irrespective of the existence of a physical presence. Pillar Two will introduce a global minimum tax of 15%. The tax rate will be calculated at the state level and not at the individual company level. In addition, the calculation of the global minimum tax will be based on taxable profit and taxable net income, an international accounting standard and not local legislation, such as Swiss commercial law. This article explains how Pillar One and Two work, the currently envisaged implementation of the reform in Switzerland, its impact on global tax and location competition and on Swiss-based companies.